| 
(a)    I made my brother carry
  my suitcase. 
(b)   I had my brother carry
  my suitcase. 
(c)    I got my brother to carry
  my suitcase. | 
Make, have, and get can be used to express the
  idea that “X” causes “Y” to do something. When they are used as causative
  verbs, their meanings are similar but not identical. In (a): My brother had
  no choice. I insisted that he carry my suitcase. In (b): My brother carried
  my suitcase because I asked him to. In (c): I managed to persuade my brother
  to carry my suitcase. | 
| 
Forms 
X makes Y do something (simple
  form). 
X has y do something (simple
  form). 
X gets Y to do something
  (infinitive). | |
| 
Causative Make 
(d)   Mrs. Lee made her son clean
  this room. 
(e)   Sad movies make me cry. | 
Causative make is followed by the
  simple form of a verb, not an infinitive. (INCORRECT:
  She made him to clean his room.) Make gives the idea that “X” forces “Y” to
  do something. In (d): Mrs. Lee’s son had no choice. | 
| 
Causative Have 
(f)     I had the plumber repair
  the leak. 
(g)    Jane had the waiter bring
  her some tea. | 
Causative have is followed by the
  simple form of a verb, not an infinitive. (INCORRECT:
  I had him to repair the leak.) Have gives
  the idea that “X” requests “Y” to
  do something. In (f): The plumber repaired the leak because I asked him to. | 
| 
Causative Get 
(h)   The students got the teacher to
  dismiss class early. 
(i)      Jack got his friends to
  play soccer with him after school. | 
Causative get is followed by an
  infinitive. Get gives the idea that “X” persuades “Y” to do something. In (h): The students managed to
  persuade the teacher to let them leave early. | 
| 
Passive Causative 
(j)     I had my watch repaired
  (by someone). 
(k)    I got my watch repaired
  (by someone). | 
The past participle is used after have
  and get to give a passive meaning. In this case, there is usually
  little or no difference in meaning between have and get.
  In (j) and (k): I caused my watch to be repaired by someone.  | 
Saturday, 22 October 2011
Using Causative Verbs: Make, Have, Get
Labels:
English Grammar
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